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Price Comparison | Manufacturer: Mupirocin
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DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM
Mupirocin is an antibiotic that is used topically (superficially) in the treatment of impetigo, a bacterial disease of the skin caused by Staphylococcus aureus and beta-hemolytic streptococci. Unlike most other antibiotics which act on either bacterial DNA or the cellular walls of bacteria, mupirocin blocks the activity of an enzyme called isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase within the bacteria. This enzyme is necessary in order for the bacteria to make proteins. Without the ability to make proteins, the bacteria die. Because of its unique mechanism of action there is little chance that bacteria will have become resistant to mupirocin because they have been exposed to other antibiotics. Mupirocin topical cream was approved by the FDA in December 1987. The intranasal form was approved October 1995.
STORAGE
The tablets should be kept at room temperature, 15-30C (59-86F).
PRESCRIBED FOR
Mupirocin is used for the treatment of impetigo due to Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes, for the treatment of infected eczema, or folliculitis (infection of the hair follicles). Mupirocin is not recommended for use on the skin in serious burns, because more of the vehicle (the inactive ingredient) used for the ointment, polyethylene glycol, may be absorbed and can cause kidney damage. A nasal ointment of mupirocin also is used for the elimination of nasal Staphylococcus aureus that have become resistant to other antibiotics.
DOSING
For the treatment of impetigo, a small amount of the ointment is applied to the affected area, usually three times daily. The area may be covered with a sterile gauze dressing. If there is no improvement in 3-5 days, the physician should be contacted.
A specialized use of mupirocin is the intranasal application for patients who harbor intranasal Staphylococcus aureus that are resistant to many other antibiotics. Treatment requires the application of about half of the ointment from a single-use tube of nasal ointment into one nostril and the other half into the other nostril. This treatment is repeated twice daily for 5 days. Children may need less ointment.
DRUG INTERACTIONS
There are no known drug interactions with mupirocin.
PREGNANCY
There are no adequate studies of mupirocin in pregnant women. However, studies in animals suggest no important effects on the fetus. Mupirocin, therefore, can be used in pregnancy if the physician feels that it is necessary.
NURSING MOTHERS
There is no information on the safety of mupirocin in nursing infants. It is unknown if any of the small amount of mupirocin that is absorbed from the skin into the blood of the mother concentrates in breast milk. It is advisable, therefore, not to nurse while using mupirocin.
SIDE EFFECTS
Side effects are uncommon and mild with mupirocin. The most frequent side effects are burning, stinging, pain, and itching at the area of application.
The intranasal use of mupirocin can cause headache (1 of every 11 patients), runny nose (1 in 17), congestion (1 in 20), sore throat (1 in 22), changes in taste perception (1 in 30), nasal irritation (1 in 50) and cough (1 in 50).
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